I. Hydrochlorothiazide Fact File

Hydrochlorothiazide is available in the following brand names:

• Esidrix
• Ezide
• Hydrodiuril
• Microzide
• Oretic

II. Hydrochlorothiazide Medication

Hydrochlorothiazide medication is a thiazide diuretic (water pill). Diuretics increase the amount of urine passed, which causes the body to lose water and salt. Hydrochlorothiazide medication helps to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). It is not a cure. It also reduces the swelling and water retention caused by various medical conditions, such as heart, liver, or kidney disease.

Diuretics: Hydrochlorothiazide Information

Diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide) are sometimes called "water pills." Diuretics are medicines that help reduce the amount of water in the body.

Diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide) are used for the following conditions:

• High blood pressure: Diuretics lower blood pressure, which substantially reduces the risk of stroke and heart attack.
• Heart failure: Diuretics reduce the swelling and water build-up caused by heart failure.
• Kidney problems: Diuretics reduce water-retention.
• Liver problems: Diuretics reduce the amount of fluid build-up associated with cirrhosis (disease of the liver).
• Glaucoma: Diuretics reduce the pressure in the eye associated with this disease

Diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide) act on the kidneys to increase urine output. This reduces the amount of fluid in the bloodstream, which in turn lowers blood pressure.

There are many types of diuretics, also called water pills:

Loop diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide), such as bumetanide (Bumex) and furosemide (Lasix), get their name from the loop-shaped part of the kidneys where they have their effect. Loop-acting diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide) cause the kidneys to increase the flow of urine. This helps reduce the amount of water in your body and lower your blood pressure. They tend to act faster than thiazides and have a great diuretic (Hydrochlorothiazide) effect. It is important, therefore, to control the medication to avoid dehydration and excessive loss of potassium.

Thiazide diuretics include such commonly used diuretics as hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril, Esidrix), chlorothiazide (Diuril), and chlorthalidone (Hygroton). Thiazide diuretics are used to treat high blood pressure by blocking the sodium absorption from the kidney back into the blood. Thiazides are the only type of diuretic that dilates (widens) the blood vessels, which also helps to lower blood pressure.

In addition, some medication contain combinations of two diuretics. The brands Dyazide and Maxzide, for example, contain the thiazide diuretic hydrochlorothiazide with the potassium-sparing diuretic triamterene.

Side effects of (Hydrochlorothiazide) Diuretics

• Frequent urination: This may last for up to six hours after a dose. If you are taking two (Hydrochlorothiazide) diuretic doses each day, take the second dose of Hydrochlorothiazide in the late afternoon so you can sleep through the night.
• Arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm)
• Extreme tiredness or weakness: These effects should decrease as your body adjusts to the medication. Call your doctor if these symptoms persist.
• Muscle cramps or weakness. Be sure that you are taking your potassium supplement correctly, if prescribed. Contact your doctor if these symptoms persist.
• Dizziness, lightheadedness: Try rising more slowly when getting up from a lying or sitting position.
• Blurred vision, confusion, headache, increased perspiration (sweating), restlessness. If these effects are persistent or severe, contact your doctor.
• Dehydration: Signs include dizziness, extreme thirst, excessive dryness of the mouth, decreased urine output, dark-colored urine or constipation. If these symptoms occur, don't assume you need more fluids, call your doctor.
• Fever, sore throat, cough, ringing in the ears, unusual bleeding or bruising, rapid and excessive weight loss. Contact your doctor right away.
• Skin rash: Stop taking the medication and contact your doctor right away.
• Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting or muscle cramps. Be sure that you are taking your potassium supplement correctly, if prescribed.
• Rarely, potassium-sparing diuretics like Aldactone can cause breast enlargement in men and women, deepening of the voice, increased hair growth and irregular menstrual cycles.

Uses of (Hydrochlorothiazide) Diuretics

Diuretics (Hydrochlorothiazide) prevent, treat or improve symptoms in a variety of conditions, such as:

• High blood pressure
• Congestive heart failure
• Edema
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Certain kidney disorders, such as kidney stones
• Diabetes insipidus
• Female hirsutism
• Osteoporosis

Other uses of (Hydrochlorothiazide) diuretics: Diuretics may be used to treat certain other conditions.

• Loop diuretics:
  • Hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood)
  • Diagnostic aid for kidney disease
• Spironolactone:
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome
  • Hirsutism in women (excessive body and facial hair growth)
• Thiazide diuretics:
  • Diabetes insipidus (water diabetes)
  • Kidney stones (calcium containing)

|| Top ||

III. Useful links

http://www.cdc.gov/

http://www.fda.gov/

http://www.fda.gov/cder/ogd/

http://www.nih.gov/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi

http://www.health.gov.on.ca/

National Library of Medicine

World Health Organization

http://www.mayoclinic.com/index.cfm

MedicineNet.com

Drugdigest.org

Healthsquare.com

Pharmacy sites

http://www.hsforum.com/stories/storyReader$1509 ,

http://www.hsforum.com/stories/storyReader$1516

http://www.hsforum.com/stories/storyReader$1504,

http://www.people.vcu.edu/~urdesai/atc.htm#Process%20of%20clotting

|| Top ||