Sildenafil and its Uses
Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used to treat erectile dysfunction (impotence) in men. It can help many men who have erectile dysfunction get and keep an erection when they become sexually excited (stimulated).
You will not get an erection just by taking this medicine. Sildenafil helps a man with erectile dysfunction get an erection only when he is sexually excited.
In combination with sexual stimulation, Sildenafil works by helping the blood flow into the penis to achieve and maintain an erection. This medicine is not intended for use in women or children.
|| Top || Working Mechanism of Sildenafil
An erection is produced via a complex chain of events, involving signals from the nervous system and the release of chemical messengers within the tissues of the penis. One of these chemical messengers is called cyclic GMP.
Cyclic GMP causes the blood vessels in the penis to widen by relaxing a thin layer of muscle found in the blood vessel walls. This allows more blood to enter the penis, which ultimately results in the penis becoming rigid and erect.
Cyclic GMP is normally broken down by another chemical in the body called phosphodiesterase type 5. Sildenafil works by preventing the action of phosphodiesterase type 5, thus stopping the breakdown of cyclic GMP. This means that the blood vessels are kept dilated for longer, improving blood flow to the penis and maintaining an erection.
As sildenafil
enhances the actions of the chemical messengers responsible for
producing an erection,
it will only work once these messengers are present. This means
that sexual stimulation is required for it to produce and maintain
an erection.
sildenafil
dose
should be taken approximately one hour before intended intercourse.
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Sildenafil Dose
Missed Dose of Sildenafil
Sildenafil
is used as needed, so you are not likely to miss a dose.
Excess Dose of Sildenafil
Sildenafil
in excess dose may show symptoms such as chest pain, dizziness,
an irregular heartbeat, and swelling of the ankles or legs.
Conditions for Storage of Sildenafil
Store Sildenafil at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Potencies of Sildenafil
Sildenafil citrate Tablets: Sildenafil 25 mg, Sildenafil 50 mg & Sildenafil 100 mg
|| Top || Food and Drug Interactions with Sildenafil
Sildenafil
must not be taken with any form of nitrate medication, as this combination
can produce a severe drop in blood pressure that can cause dizziness,
fainting, or even a heart attack. Nitrate medications
include the following:
- glyceryl trinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate and isosorbide
dinitrate (used for angina or heart
failure)
- nicorandil
- amyl nitrate (also known as "poppers")
- Sildenafil
should be used with caution in people who are taking alpha-blocker
medicines, as the combination may increase the risk of a drop
in blood pressure, which may cause dizziness or fainting. This
is most likely to occur within four hours of taking the sildenafil.
Alpha-blockers include the following:
- alfuzosin
- doxazosin
- indoramin
- prazosin
- tamsulosin
- terazosin.
- If you are taking an alpha-blocker medicine your doctor will probably start you on a 25 mg dose of sildenafil. If you feel dizzy or light-headed after taking the sildenafil you should lie down until the symptoms pass.
- Sildenafil should not be taken with other treatments for erectile dysfunction, as the safety of such combinations have not been established.
The following medicines may increase the blood level of sildenafil and you may need a lower sildenafil dose if you are taking any of these:
HIV protease inhibitors such as saquinavir. The HIV protease inhibitor
ritonavir can cause a large increase in the blood level of sildenafil.
Sildenafil
is not recommended for people taking ritonavir, however if it is
used, the maximum dose
of sildenafil should under no circumstances exceed 25 mg within
48 hours.
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Contraindications with Sildenafil
Sildenafil is contraindicated in the following:
- Children or adolescents under 18 years of age
- Women
- Conditions in which sexual
activity is not advisable, for example severe heart
disorders such as unstable angina or severe heart
failure
- People who have recently had a heart
attack
- People who have recently had a stroke
- Low blood pressure (hypotension)
- People taking any form of nitrate medications, eg glyceryl
trinitrate (see below)
- Severely decreased liver function
- Hereditary degeneration of the back of the eyeball (retina)
- Allergy
to one or any of its ingredients
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Precautions with Sildenafil
Sildenafil should be used be used with caution in:
- Elderly people
- Decreased kidney function
- Decreased liver function
- Active peptic ulcer
- Disease involving the heart and blood vessels (cardiovascular disease)
- People taking alpha-blocker medication (see below)
- Bleeding disorders
- Conditions such as sickle cell disease, bone cancer
or leukaemia in which there is an increased risk of prolonged
erections
(priapism)
- Physical abnormality of the penis, such as severe curvature,
scarring or Peyronie's disease
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Adverse effects with Sildenafil
Sildenafil should be used be used with caution in:
- Elderly people
- Decreased kidney function
- Decreased liver function
- Active peptic ulcer
- Disease involving the heart and blood vessels (cardiovascular
disease)
- People taking alpha-blocker medication (see below)
- Bleeding disorders
- Conditions such as sickle cell disease, bone cancer or leukaemia
in which there is an increased risk of prolonged erections
(priapism)
- Physical abnormality of the penis, such as severe curvature,
scarring or Peyronie's disease
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